"Desorption Electrospray Ionization (DESI) allows the direct analysis of ordinary objects or pre-processed samples under ambient conditions.

"Among other applications, DESI is used to identify and record spatial distributions of lipids and drug molecules in biological tissue sections. This technique does not require sample preparation other than production of microtome tissue slices and does not involve the use of ionization matrices.

"This greatly simplifies the procedure and prevents the redistribution of analytes during matrix deposition. Images are obtained by continuously moving the sample relative to the DESI sprayer and the inlet of the mass spectrometer." (Nature Protocols)

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Research
1. Ambient mass spectrometry using desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) - Takáts Z, Wiseman JM, Cooks RG (2005).

2. Detection Technologies. Ambient mass spectrometry - Cooks RG, Ouyang Z, Takats Z, Wiseman JM (2006).

3 .Direct, trace level detection of explosives on ambient surfaces by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry - Takáts Z, Cotte-Rodriguez I, Talaty N, Chen H, Cooks RG (2005).



4. Analysis of solids, liquids, and biological tissues - McEwen CN, McKay RG, Larsen BS (2005).

5. Versatile new ion source for the analysis of materials in open air - Cody RB, Laramée JA, Durst HD (2005).

6. Desorption sonic spray ionization for (high) voltage-free ambient mass spectrometry - Haddad R, Sparrapan R, Eberlin MN (2006).

7. Sonic spray mass spectrometry - Hirabayashi A, Sakairi M, Koizumi H (1995).

8. Electrospray-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for direct ambient analysis of solids - Shiea J, Huang MZ, Hsu HJ, Lee CY, Yuan CH, Beech I, Sunner J (2005).

9. Generation and detection of multiply-charged peptides and proteins - Sampson JS, Hawkridge AM, Muddiman DC (2006).

10. Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization for Atmospheric Pressure, in Vivo, and Imaging Mass Spectrometry - Nemes P, Vertes A (2007).

11. Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization - Haapala M, Pól J, Saarela V, et al (2007).